Handout: Temporal Lobe Lesions: Behavioral Deficits

	PSY 448 Clinical Neuropsychology	Last revised:Sept 24, 2021
Temporal Lobe Lesions: Behavioral Deficits

Material in this handout summarizes materials from Kolb & Whishaw (2003), pp. 376-387
It is representative, rather than comprehensive in coverage.

Disorders of Auditory & Speecj Perception

Speech perception: discrimination of speech sounds & temporal order of sounds impaired (Wernicke's Aphasia YouTube 4.13)

Left superior temporal gyrus

Prosody (tone) of speech faulty

Right superior temporal gyrus

Disorders of Music Perception

Discrimination of melodies

Right superior temporal gyrus

Visual Perceptual Disorders

Facial recognition (prosopagnosia; YouTube 3.30)

Face: Name-identity-biography (ATL)

Inferior temporal cortex (TE)
• fusiform face area (FFA)
• anterior temporal lobe (ATL)

Model of Facial Perception

Disturbance of Selection of Visual and Auditory Input

Difficulty in listening to simultaneous sounds (usually the left ear is attended to)

Some evidence that simultaneous visual stimuli are not properly processed.

Organization & Categorization of Words & Pictures

Impaired categorization

Lowered fluency in citing examples of categorical materials

Difficulties Using Contextual Information

Difficulty extracting information from environment

Impaired use of cues (visual & social)

Memory Impairment

Complete anterograde amnesia following bilateral removal of medial temporal lobes (including hippocampus & amygdala)

Difficulty recalling information (L = verbal & R = nonverbal {faces, tunes, drawings})

Clive Wearing - Amnesia (YouTube BBC 3.04)

Damage to Wearing's brain caused by herpesviral encephalitis aka herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) [Wikipedia]

Medial & inferior temporal cortex

Hippocampus

"Temporal Lobe Personality"

Emphasis on trivia and the small details of daily life in temporal lobe epilepsy

Egocentricity, pedantic (teacher-like) speech, perseveration ("stickiness") in speech, paranoia, religious preoccupations, tendency to aggressive outbursts (especially after right temporal lobectomy)

Ramachandran on Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (YouTube)

	Disorders of Auditory & Speecj Perception
	Speech perception: discrimination of speech sounds & temporal order of sounds impaired (Wernicke's Aphasia YouTube 4.13)	Left superior temporal gyrus
	Prosody (tone) of speech faulty	Right superior temporal gyrus
	Disorders of Music Perception
	Discrimination of melodies	Right superior temporal gyrus
	Visual Perceptual Disorders
	Facial recognition (prosopagnosia; YouTube 3.30) Face: Name-identity-biography (ATL)	Inferior temporal cortex (TE) • fusiform face area (FFA) • anterior temporal lobe (ATL) Model of Facial Perception
	Disturbance of Selection of Visual and Auditory Input
	Difficulty in listening to simultaneous sounds (usually the left ear is attended to) Some evidence that simultaneous visual stimuli are not properly processed.
	Organization & Categorization of Words & Pictures
	Impaired categorization Lowered fluency in citing examples of categorical materials
	Difficulties Using Contextual Information
	Difficulty extracting information from environment Impaired use of cues (visual & social)
	Memory Impairment
	Complete anterograde amnesia following bilateral removal of medial temporal lobes (including hippocampus & amygdala) Difficulty recalling information (L = verbal & R = nonverbal {faces, tunes, drawings}) Clive Wearing - Amnesia (YouTube BBC 3.04) Damage to Wearing's brain caused by herpesviral encephalitis aka herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) [Wikipedia]	Medial & inferior temporal cortex Hippocampus
	"Temporal Lobe Personality"
	Emphasis on trivia and the small details of daily life in temporal lobe epilepsy Egocentricity, pedantic (teacher-like) speech, perseveration ("stickiness") in speech, paranoia, religious preoccupations, tendency to aggressive outbursts (especially after right temporal lobectomy) Ramachandran on Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (YouTube)