Italian I.R. ‑ Environments

V‑ Other Union Issues

•All three confederations lost members since 1981

•Minor confederations

–CISNAL linked to neofascist party but plays little role in IR. Has now been replaced by UGL

–Northern Leagues have formed their own union confederation

–1994 minor federations formed ISA, Entente of Autonomous Unions in effort to increase their influence with government

•Only about half of all members pay dues

•Until 1969 no union presence at workplace level at all


	All three confederations lost members since 1981
	At least among the economically active population
	Percentage of union members in unions affiliated to one of the three has now fallen to 67%

	Minor confederations
	Organize some managers and professional groups

	CISNAL linked to neofascist party but plays little role in IR
	linked to National Alliance
	Since ostracized by other unions
	Claims to be as large as UIL

	Only about half of all members pay dues
	But unions also earn income by administering some social service benefits to individuals