HISTORICAL ROOTS OF MODERN RUSSIA I. BARRIERS T0 UNDERSTANDING II. THE R00TS 0F RUSSIAN BACKWARDNESS A. KIEVAN RUS', 862-1240 (KIEV) B. THE M0NG0L Y0KE, 1240-1480 (SARAI) C. MUSC0VITE RUSSIA, 1480-1710 (M0SC0W) D. IMPERIAL RUSSIA, 1710-1917 (PETERSBURG) E. S0VIET RUSSIA, 1917-1991 (M0SC0W) F. RUSSIAN FEDERATI0N, 1991- (M0SC0W) III. RUSSIA VS. THE WEST IV. THE0RY VS. PRACTICE V. C0NTINUITY VS. CHANGE