ࡱ> ,  {1(8 / 0LDArialԖe0Ԗ0ll-a0@ .  @n?" dd@  @@`` h,L@     !"$%&'()*+-./012345689:;<>?@ABCDEFGIJK 0AA@ʚ;F*ʚ;g4QdQd& -a0ppp@ <4dddd8))0l 0___PPT10 ___PPT9    ?  %($World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 1 Labor During the WarAdministrativeReading reminder  All the rest of the reading on this topic by the next classReviewDramatic Changes in labor and employment law in the 1920s and 1930s Dramatic split in the American Federation of Labor and the creation of the CIO Rapid organization of the mass production industries, especially cars, tires and steel and the role of sit-down strikes Employers continued resistance to rights of employees and to unionsPZPToday^Wartime Economy Labor Movement During the War Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force_" _I. Wartime EconomyExtremely full employment Typical war time inflationary forces  Why? Accordingly, for the first time in a decade, workers have jobs, money and bargaining power, but are frustrated by the absence of goods to buy !II. Labor Movement During the War""(kCompetition continues between A.F.L. and C.I.O. Both federations supported the war effort conscientiously !5III. Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force66(Desperate need for workers led to dramatic increase of women working Many African-Americans promoted to do jobs previously reserved for whites In both cases, issue of equal pay gave rise to conflict" Race Issues 1941 Randolph threatened march on Washington if the government refused to do something about discrimination Roosevelt responded with Executive Order creating the Fair Employment Practices Committee Overall, sex and race barriers in employment decreased during the war Next Time5War-time Public Policy War-time industrial conflict 56 $World War II and the Post-War Period/Lecture 2 Industrial Conflict and Public Policy Administrative2Begin reading on 1960s for Wednesday First reading&%% ReviewWartime Economy Unemployment virtually disappeared Controlled economy Labor Movement During the War AFL and CIO both strongly supported war effort War Labor Board resolved disputesL6Q6Q TodayN Industrial Conflict during the war Labor law in the war and post-war periods6!N" N%I. Industrial Conflict During the War&&(Unions and employers had agreed to avoid industrial conflict Disputes to be resolved by War Labor Board Unions thrived under the War Labor BoardConflict1941 had been a very high strike year Relatively few strikes by AFL or CIO unions during the war Exception was the United Mine Workers Conflictu1946 post-war strike wave On several occasions President Truman intervened Gradually the strike wave ebbed after 1947-II. Labor Law in the War and Post-War Periods..(mUnited Mine Workers strikes during the war caused anti-union backlash Response was Smith-Connally Act (1943) Y Smith-ConnallyEmpowered president to seize companies where disputes imperiled the war effort Criminal penalties for those who instigated or promoted strikes Taft-Hartley ActResponse to the strike wave of 1946 Largely written by the National Association of Manufacturers Passed over Truman s veto   Slave Labor Act ( Taft-HartleyOutlawed the closed shop Allowed states to prohibit the union shop Reintroduced injunctions in labor disputes in a variety of circumstances Banned secondary strikes and secondary boycotts Required unions to file anti-Communist affidavits for officers) Taft-HartleyDenied unionization rights to low level managers Authorized 80-day injunctions against strikes imperiling national safety and welfare Introduced concept of union unfair labor practices* Taft-HartleyrDid not destroy collective bargaining where it existed Did halt the momentum unions had established during the war Next TimeWThe Landrum-Griffin Act The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO0$World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 3 The Post-War Period1AdministrativeReading reminder Memphis Sanitation strike for next class Teacher unionism and Cesar Chavez for following class Quiz reminder Essay reminder6__2ReviewIssues of race and gender during the war Relative absence of strikes during the war Public Policy Issues Smith-Connally Act (1943) Taft-Hartley Act (1947) 6i2i2o%3 TodayX The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO The Landrum-Griffin Act2X" X4!I. The Communist ScarerImmediate post-war period one of rabid anti-Communism Anti-Communist campaign in Hollywood Senator Joseph McCarthy7$Anti-CommunismLabor movement emerged from World War II with Communist leadership of several major CIO unions Communists were also influential factions in a number of other major unions8%Anti-Communism'Overall, no one more Conservative than leadership of the trade union movement 1949 CIO expelled 11 unions with 20% of total CIO affiliated membership In some cases (e.g. electrical products) CIO chartered new unions to replace the expelled ones Other unions made Communists ineligible for office(Z(5"II. The MergerBy the mid-1950s, AFL affiliates had 9 million members and CIO affiliates had 6 million Reduced conflict over principles and personalities New leaders George Meany and Walter Reuther9&MergerJune 1953 negotiated  No-Raiding pact February 1955 agreed to full merger at the end of the year All existing unions to be preserved No raiding AFL to provide both President and Secretary-Treasurer 6bebe:'MergerAgreed on series of Campaigns Much of the labor movement remained outside Railway brotherhoods UMW ILWU Teamsters (expelled for corruption)&JBJB6#III. The Landrum-Griffin ActLabor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act Product of investigations of McClellan Committee Evidence of rigged elections, misuse of funds, embezzlement and sweetheart contracts *.;(Act5Assumed public interest in democratic and proper union behavior Assumed that unions would be unable to assure such behavior themselves Purposes of the Act Protect against improper union behavior Protect against union-management arrangements denying members proper representation Plug loopholes in Taft-Hartley*ZZF+ActBill of Rights for union members Regulation of union elections Discipline of Members Regulation of Trusteeships Regulation of Financial Conflicts of Interest=* Next TimeBegin discussion of the 1960s/   $%&' , - . / >?@ABCDEHIJ  0` 33` Sf3f` 33g` f` www3PP` ZXdbmo` \ғ3y`Ӣ` 3f3ff` 3f3FKf` hk]wwwfܹ` ff>>\`Y{ff` R>&- {p_/̴>?" dd@,|?" dd@   " @ ` n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>> $(    6\  `}  T Click to edit Master title style! !  0_  `  RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     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(H $ 0jB ? 3380___PPT10. ޞ0 6.0(  0^ 0 S  RH   ( 0 c $t   !   Extremely full employment Almost no unemployment  military Many people working who would normally be out of labor force Typical war time inflationary forces Lots of people working, very high incomes Much of output not available to consumers to spend income on Governments typically engage in large scale deficit spending H 0 0jB ? 3380___PPT10. 30 2*4(  4^ 4 S  RH   $ 4 c $8   !   &Competition continues AFL still led by Green and CIO by Philip Murray of Steelworkers Both federations supported the war effort conscientiously. Conf. right after Pearl Harbor called by government  Agreed to: No strikes or lockouts Peaceful settlement of all disputes Tri partite board to handle disputes affecting the war effort This despite misgivings of many in the labor movement before the war `@~@~H 4 0jB ? 3380___PPT10. O- 0 ~D(  D^ D S  RH   8x D c $8  !  8 H D 0jB ? 3380___PPT10.@@^,0 tl|(  |^ | S  RH   8f | c $h 8  !  8 Disputes to be resolved by War Labor Board Established by Executive Order, January 1942 To take over disputes that the Secretary of Labor certified would affect the war effort Unions thrived WLB required employers to deal with unions and often awarded maintenance of membership agreements Also origins of many fringe benefits which were awarded or agreed to by employers as a way around wage controlsL,,H | 0jB ? 3380___PPT10.2?~0 (  ^  S  RH   8  c $8  !  8 1941 had been Communist led unions especially opposed to strikes after June 1941 when Hitler broke the German-Soviet non-aggression pact and invaded the Soviet Union Relatively few strikes by AFL or CIO unions during the war Most strikes during the war local wildcats about local grievances Exception was the United Mine Workers Lewis mineworkers went on strike on several occasions  There is no force on heaven or earth that can stop a mineworker from going fishing when that is what he decides to do. Called strike on the eve of war (10/41) and then a whole series of others during the early part of the war<B' 8 <B' H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.$0 `X@(  ^  S  RH   8R  c $d48  !  8 ~Desperate need for workers Women, many of them in jobs previously reserved for men. Many working very substantial overtime. See reading about women in aircraft factories Need for labor exacerbated by the movement of Japanese-Americans to internment camps! In both cases Equal pay  see readings about War Labor Board on Racism and equal pay for equal work. Notice the much stronger language and much stronger position about race than about sexLH  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.@q0 P%(  ^  S  RH   8  c $D8  !  8 Roosevelt responded Fair Employment Practices Committee was largely symbolic in its attempt to ban discrimination by military contractors However, it was the first time government acknowledged the responsibility to remedy employment discrimination In 1943 the Executive Order was amended to include specifically discrimination by unions as well. Overall, sex and race barriers in employment decreased during the war Decrease in barriers but still significant barriers remained In a number of cases whites struck when blacks were placed in white jobs or they refused to work with African-Americans In general, it remained unacceptable for women to be placed in supervisory positions over menLFGFGH  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.vm$0 0(`(  ^  S  RH   8"  c $L8  !  8 tOn several occasions Truman threatened to nationalize the industries and draft the strikers Did seize the coal mines&``H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.`@t0 p(  ^  S  RH   8z  c $H  !  8 Response was Smith-Connally Act (1943) Smith-Connally passed over FDR s veto&'&'&,H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.`!/0 IA(  ^  S  RH   8;  c $ b8  !  8 Criminal penalties for those who instigated or promoted strikes Act lapsed in 1947 but enforcement essentially ceased with the end of the war&@N@NH  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.`z0 (  ^  S  RH   8  c $j8  !  8 Taft-Hartley Act Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947 Response to the strike wave House version, the Hartley Bill, was even more extreme than the Senate, Taft version Would have repealed national policy favoring collective bargaining Passed over Truman s veto See the Lichtenstein article  The Union s Retreat in the Postwar Era for the impact and significance of Taft-Hartleyt'v'v H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.@0 sk(  ^  S  RH   8e  c $#0 `N(  ^  S  RH   9  c $9  !  9 DProduct of investigations McClellan - Democrat from Arkansas  Other members Irving Ives (NY) Jospeh McCarthy (WI) John F. Kennedy (MA) Barry Goldwater (AR) Counsel  Robert F. Kennedy Investigations especially into the affairs of the Teamsters union.  The Enemy Within Evidence Much of this about union-management corruption, not union corruptionL E E^H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.?`ww+0 zr$ (  $^ $ S  RH   9l $ c $09  !  9 8Bill of rights for union members Guarantees freedom of speech, expression and assembly to members Bill of rights Rare for private organizations 1978 Courts interpreted this to mean unions couldn t expel members for advocating particular ideologies Just what unions had done in the 1940s at the urging and insistence of the government Regulation of union Elections Frequency Secret Ballots Freedom to vote and to run Discipline  due process Unheard of for private organization Overall Involved government deeply in internal union affairs!-4$ 5! -  4  $  5 H $ 0jB ? 3380___PPT10.CO0 zr( (  (X ( C  RH   r ( S Ω  !   H ( 0jB ? 3380___PPT10.) 0  ,(  ,X , C  RH   9  , S E9  !  9 bWar Labor Board resolved disputes In effect, required union recognition and supported union growth&"A"AH , 0jB ? 3380___PPT10.Kkr(;1BEIGuIK q &Wtxvx{,}X@~ZpaN_Ok$p֙%~,C>z@KAi.\L=o&^*"P_H0hjlJ11(8 / 0LDAriale00LLԖ-a0Ԗ     QOn-screen Showle moyne collegeg% 'ArialDefault Design%World War II and the Post-War PeriodAdministrativeReviewTodayI. Wartime Economy"II. Labor Movement During the War6III. Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force Race Issues Next Time%World War II and the Post-War PeriodAdministrativeReviewToday&I. Industrial Conflict During the War Conflict Conflict.II. Labor Law in the War and Post-War PeriodsSmith-ConnallyTaft-Hartley Act Taft-Hartley Taft-Hartley Taft-Hartley Next Time%World War II and the Post-War PeriodAdministrativeReviewTodayI. The Communist ScareAnti-CommunismAnti-CommunismII. The MergerMergerMergerIII. The Landrum-Griffin ActActAct Next Time  Fonts UsedDesign Template Slide Titles%.-_CDonnDonn-. %2 V.Labor During the War.-LDAriale00LLԖ-a0Ԗ@ .  @n?" dd@  @@`` h,L@     !"$%&'()*+-./012345689:;<>?@ABCDEFGIJK 0AA@ʚ;F*ʚ;g4QdQd&-a0ppp@ <4dddd))0L 0___PPT10 ___PPT9    ?  %($World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 1 Labor During the WarAdministrativeReading reminder  All the rest of the reading on this topic by the next classReviewDramatic Changes in labor and employment law in the 1920s and 1930s Dramatic split in the American Federation of Labor and the creation of the CIO Rapid organization of the mass production industries, especially cars, tires and steel and the role of sit-down strikes Employers continued resistance to rights of employees and to unionsPZPToday^Wartime Economy Labor Movement During the War Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force_" _I. Wartime EconomyExtremely full employment Typical war time inflationary forces  Why? Accordingly, for the first time in a decade, workers have jobs, money and bargaining power, but are frustrated by the absence of goods to buy !II. Labor Movement During the War""(kCompetition continues between A.F.L. and C.I.O. Both federations supported the war effort conscientiously !5III. Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force66(Desperate need for workers led to dramatic increase of women working Many African-Americans promoted to do jobs previously reserved for whites In both cases, issue of equal pay gave rise to conflict" Race Issues 1941 Randolph threatened march on Washington if the government refused to do something about discrimination Roosevelt responded with Executive Order creating the Fair Employment Practices Committee Overall, sex and race barriers in employment decreased during the war Next Time5War-time Public Policy War-time industrial conflict 56 $World War II and the Post-War Period/Lecture 2 Industrial Conflict and Public Policy Administrative2Begin reading on 1960s for Wednesday First reading&%% ReviewWartime Economy Unemployment virtually disappeared Controlled economy Labor Movement During the War AFL and CIO both strongly supported war effort War Labor Board resolved disputesL6Q6Q TodayN Industrial Conflict during the war Labor law in the war and post-war periods6!N" N%I. Industrial Conflict During the War&&(Unions and employers had agreed to avoid industrial conflict Disputes to be resolved by War Labor Board Unions thrived under the War Labor BoardConflict1941 had been a very high strike year Relatively few strikes by AFL or CIO unions during the war Exception was the United Mine Workers Conflictu1946 post-war strike wave On several occasions President Truman intervened Gradually the strike wave ebbed after 1947-II. Labor Law in the War and Post-War Periods..(mUnited Mine Workers strikes during the war caused anti-union backlash Response was Smith-Connally Act (1943) Y Smith-ConnallyEmpowered president to seize companies where disputes imperiled the war effort Criminal penalties for those who instigated or promoted strikes Taft-Hartley ActResponse to the strike wave of 1946 Largely written by the National Association of Manufacturers Passed over Truman s veto   Slave Labor Act ( Taft-HartleyOutlawed the closed shop Allowed states to prohibit the union shop Reintroduced injunctions in labor disputes in a variety of circumstances Banned secondary strikes and secondary boycotts Required unions to file anti-Communist affidavits for officers) Taft-HartleyDenied unionization rights to low level managers Authorized 80-day injunctions against strikes imperiling national safety and welfare Introduced concept of union unfair labor practices* Taft-HartleyrDid not destroy collective bargaining where it existed Did halt the momentum unions had established during the war Next TimeWThe Landrum-Griffin Act The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO0$World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 3 The Post-War Period1AdministrativeReading reminder Memphis Sanitation strike for next class Teacher unionism and Cesar Chavez for following class Quiz reminder Essay reminder6__2ReviewIssues of race and gender during the war Relative absence of strikes during the war Public Policy Issues Smith-Connally Act (1943) Taft-Hartley Act (1947) 6i2i2o%3 TodayX The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO The Landrum-Griffin Act2X" X4!I. The Communist ScarerImmediate post-war period one of rabid anti-Communism Anti-Communist campaign in Hollywood Senator Joseph McCarthy7$Anti-CommunismLabor movement emerged from World War II with Communist leadership of several major CIO unions Communists were also influential factions in a number of other major unions8%Anti-Communism'Overall, no one more Conservative than leadership of the trade union movement 1949 CIO expelled 11 unions with 20% of total CIO affiliated membership In some cases (e.g. electrical products) CIO chartered new unions to replace the expelled ones Other unions made Communists ineligible for office(Z(5"II. The MergerBy the mid-1950s, AFL affiliates had 9 million members and CIO affiliates had 6 million Reduced conflict over principles and personalities New leaders George Meany and Walter Reuther9&MergerJune 1953 negotiated  No-Raiding pact February 1955 agreed to full merger at the end of the year All existing unions to be preserved No raiding AFL to provide both President and Secretary-Treasurer 6bebe:'MergerAgreed on series of Campaigns Much of the labor movement remained outside Railway broth  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~   0 !"#$%&'()*+./123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz|}~Root EntrydO) S- Current User+,SummaryInformation(PowerPoint Document(gDocumentSummaryInformation8@ .  @n?" dd@  @@`` h,L@     !"$%&'()*+-./012345689:;<>?@ABCDEFGIJK 0AA@ʚ;F*ʚ;g4QdQd&-a0ppp@ <4dddd))0L 0___PPT10 ___PPT9    ?  %($World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 1 Labor During the WarAdministrativeReading reminder  All the rest of the reading on this topic by the next classReviewDramatic Changes in labor and employment law in the 1920s and 1930s Dramatic split in the American Federation of Labor and the creation of the CIO Rapid organization of the mass production industries, especially cars, tires and steel and the role of sit-down strikes Employers continued resistance to rights of employees and to unionsPZPToday^Wartime Economy Labor Movement During the War Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force_" _I. Wartime EconomyExtremely full employment Typical war time inflationary forces  Why? Accordingly, for the first time in a decade, workers have jobs, money and bargaining power, but are frustrated by the absence of goods to buy !II. Labor Movement During the War""(kCompetition continues between A.F.L. and C.I.O. Both federations supported the war effort conscientiously !5III. Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force66(Desperate need for workers led to dramatic increase of women working Many African-Americans promoted to do jobs previously reserved for whites In both cases, issue of equal pay gave rise to conflict" Race Issues 1941 Randolph threatened march on Washington if the government refused to do something about discrimination Roosevelt responded with Executive Order creating the Fair Employment Practices Committee Overall, sex and race barriers in employment decreased during the war Next Time5War-time Public Policy War-time industrial conflict 56 $World War II and the Post-War Period/Lecture 2 Industrial Conflict and Public Policy Administrative2Begin reading on 1960s for Wednesday First reading&%% ReviewWartime Economy Unemployment virtually disappeared Controlled economy Labor Movement During the War AFL and CIO both strongly supported war effort War Labor Board resolved disputesL6Q6Q TodayN Industrial Conflict during the war Labor law in the war and post-war periods6!N" N%I. Industrial Conflict During the War&&(Unions and employers had agreed to avoid industrial conflict Disputes to be resolved by War Labor Board Unions thrived under the War Labor BoardConflict1941 had been a very high strike year Relatively few strikes by AFL or CIO unions during the war Exception was the United Mine Workers Conflictu1946 post-war strike wave On several occasions President Truman intervened Gradually the strike wave ebbed after 1947-II. Labor Law in the War and Post-War Periods..(mUnited Mine Workers strikes during the war caused anti-union backlash Response was Smith-Connally Act (1943) Y Smith-ConnallyEmpowered president to seize companies where disputes imperiled the war effort Criminal penalties for those who instigated or promoted strikes Taft-Hartley ActResponse to the strike wave of 1946 Largely written by the National Association of Manufacturers Passed over Truman s veto   Slave Labor Act ( Taft-HartleyOutlawed the closed shop Allowed states to prohibit the union shop Reintroduced injunctions in labor disputes in a variety of circumstances Banned secondary strikes and secondary boycotts Required unions to file anti-Communist affidavits for officers) Taft-HartleyDenied unionization rights to low level managers Authorized 80-day injunctions against strikes imperiling national safety and welfare Introduced concept of union unfair labor practices* Taft-HartleyrDid not destroy collective bargaining where it existed Did halt the momentum unions had established during the war Next TimeWThe Landrum-Griffin Act The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO0$World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 3 The Post-War Period1AdministrativeReading reminder Memphis Sanitation strike for next class Teacher unionism and Cesar Chavez for following class Quiz reminder Essay reminder6__2ReviewIssues of race and gender during the war Relative absence of strikes during the war Public Policy Issues Smith-Connally Act (1943) Taft-Hartley Act (1947) 6i2i2o%3 TodayX The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO The Landrum-Griffin Act2X" X4!I. The Communist ScarerImmediate post-war period one of rabid anti-Communism Anti-Communist campaign in Hollywood Senator Joseph McCarthy7$Anti-CommunismLabor movement emerged from World War II with Communist leadership of several major CIO unions Communists were also influential factions in a number of other major unions8%Anti-Communism'Overall, no one more Conservative than leadership of the trade union movement 1949 CIO expelled 11 unions with 20% of total CIO affiliated membership In some cases (e.g. electrical products) CIO chartered new unions to replace the expelled ones Other unions made Communists ineligible for office(Z(5"II. The MergerBy the mid-1950s, AFL affiliates had 9 million members and CIO affiliates had 6 million Reduced conflict over principles and personalities New leaders George Meany and Walter Reuther9&MergerJune 1953 negotiated  No-Raiding pact February 1955 agreed to full merger at the end of the year All existing unions to be preserved No raiding AFL to provide both President and Secretary-Treasurer 6bebe:'MergerAgreed on series of Campaigns Much of the labor movement remained outside Railway brotherhoods UMW ILWU Teamsters (expelled for corruption)&JBJB6#III. The Landrum-Griffin ActLabor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act Product of investigations of McClellan Committee Evidence of rigged elections, misuse of funds, embezzlement and sweetheart contracts *.;(Act5Assumed public interest in democratic and proper union behavior Assumed that unions would be unable to assure such behavior themselves Purposes of the Act Protect against improper union behavior Protect against union-management arrangements denying members proper representation Plug loopholes in Taft-Hartley*ZZF+ActBill of Rights for union members Regulation of union elections Discipline of Members Regulation of Trusteeships Regulation of Financial Conflicts of Interest=* Next TimeBegin discussion of the 1960s/   $%&' , - . / >?@ABCDEHIJ0 0,(  0^ 0 S  RH    0 c $t   !   "H 0 0jB ? 3380___PPT10. 30 4,(  4^ 4 S  RH    4 c $8   !   "H 4 0jB ? 3380___PPT10. O-rZ !E6iJ11(8 / 0  !"#$%&'()*Oh+'0\ `h  (World War II and the Post-War PeriodadministratorDonn76Microsoft PowerPoint@`- B@& @ SG<g  -  y--$xx--'@Arial-. -2 0World War II and the Post  ."System:-@Arial-.  2 0-.-@Arial-. 2 <7 War Period .-@Arial-. 2 KA Lecture 1d.-@Arial-. %2 V.Labor During the War.-՜.+,0erhoods UMW ILWU Teamsters (expelled for corruption)&JBJB6#III. The Landrum-Griffin ActLabor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act Product of investigations of McClellan Committee Evidence of rigged elections, misuse of funds, embezzlement and sweetheart contracts *.;(Act5Assumed public interest in democratic and proper union behavior Assumed that unions would be unable to assure such behavior themselves Purposes of the Act Protect against improper union behavior Protect against union-management arrangements denying members proper representation Plug loopholes in Taft-Hartley*ZZF+ActBill of Rights for union members Regulation of union elections Discipline of Members Regulation of Trusteeships Regulation of Financial Conflicts of Interest=* Next TimeBegin discussion of the 1960s/   $%&' , - . / >?@ABCDEHIJ0 ~@(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $d48  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.@q0 ~P(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $D8  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.vm$r$ pO~QSJ11(8 / 0LDAriale00LLԖ-a0Ԗ@ .  @n?" dd@  @@`` h,L@     !"$%&'()*+-./012345689:;<>?@ABCDEFGIJK 0AA@ʚ;F*ʚ;g4QdQd&-a0ppp@ <4dddd))0L 0___PPT10 ___PPT9    ?  %($World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 1 Labor During the WarAdministrativeReading reminder  All the rest of the reading on this topic by the next classReviewDramatic Changes in labor and employment law in the 1920s and 1930s Dramatic split in the American Federation of Labor and the creation of the CIO Rapid organization of the mass production industries, especially cars, tires and steel and the role of sit-down strikes Employers continued resistance to rights of employees and to unionsPZPToday^Wartime Economy Labor Movement During the War Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force_" _I. Wartime EconomyExtremely full employment Typical war time inflationary forces  Why? Accordingly, for the first time in a decade, workers have jobs, money and bargaining power, but are frustrated by the absence of goods to buy !II. Labor Movement During the War""(kCompetition continues between A.F.L. and C.I.O. Both federations supported the war effort conscientiously !5III. Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force66(Desperate need for workers led to dramatic increase of women working Many African-Americans promoted to do jobs previously reserved for whites In both cases, issue of equal pay gave rise to conflict" Race Issues 1941 Randolph threatened march on Washington if the government refused to do something about discrimination Roosevelt responded with Executive Order creating the Fair Employment Practices Committee Overall, sex and race barriers in employment decreased during the war Next Time5War-time Public Policy War-time industrial conflict 56 $World War II and the Post-War Period/Lecture 2 Industrial Conflict and Public Policy Administrative2Begin reading on 1960s for Wednesday First reading&%% ReviewWartime Economy Unemployment virtually disappeared Controlled economy Labor Movement During the War AFL and CIO both strongly supported war effort War Labor Board resolved disputesL6Q6Q TodayN Industrial Conflict during the war Labor law in the war and post-war periods6!N" N%I. Industrial Conflict During the War&&(Unions and employers had agreed to avoid industrial conflict Disputes to be resolved by War Labor Board Unions thrived under the War Labor BoardConflict1941 had been a very high strike year Relatively few strikes by AFL or CIO unions during the war Exception was the United Mine Workers Conflictu1946 post-war strike wave On several occasions President Truman intervened Gradually the strike wave ebbed after 1947-II. Labor Law in the War and Post-War Periods..(mUnited Mine Workers strikes during the war caused anti-union backlash Response was Smith-Connally Act (1943) Y Smith-ConnallyEmpowered president to seize companies where disputes imperiled the war effort Criminal penalties for those who instigated or promoted strikes Taft-Hartley ActResponse to the strike wave of 1946 Largely written by the National Association of Manufacturers Passed over Truman s veto   Slave Labor Act ( Taft-HartleyOutlawed the closed shop Allowed states to prohibit the union shop Reintroduced injunctions in labor disputes in a variety of circumstances Banned secondary strikes and secondary boycotts Required unions to file anti-Communist affidavits for officers) Taft-HartleyDenied unionization rights to low level managers Authorized 80-day injunctions against strikes imperiling national safety and welfare Introduced concept of union unfair labor practices* Taft-HartleyrDid not destroy collective bargaining where it existed Did halt the momentum unions had established during the war Next TimeWThe Landrum-Griffin Act The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO0$World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 3 The Post-War Period1AdministrativeReading reminder Memphis Sanitation strike for next class Teacher unionism and Cesar Chavez for following class Quiz reminder Essay reminder6__2ReviewIssues of race and gender during the war Relative absence of strikes during the war Public Policy Issues Smith-Connally Act (1943) Taft-Hartley Act (1947) 6i2i2o%3 TodayX The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO The Landrum-Griffin Act2X" X4!I. The Communist ScarerImmediate post-war period one of rabid anti-Communism Anti-Communist campaign in Hollywood Senator Joseph McCarthy7$Anti-CommunismLabor movement emerged from World War II with Communist leadership of several major CIO unions Communists were also influential factions in a number of other major unions8%Anti-Communism'Overall, no one more Conservative than leadership of the trade union movement 1949 CIO expelled 11 unions with 20% of total CIO affiliated membership In some cases (e.g. electrical products) CIO chartered new unions to replace the expelled ones Other unions made Communists ineligible for office(Z(5"II. The MergerBy the mid-1950s, AFL affiliates had 9 million members and CIO affiliates had 6 million Reduced conflict over principles and personalities New leaders George Meany and Walter Reuther9&MergerJune 1953 negotiated  No-Raiding pact February 1955 agreed to full merger at the end of the year All existing unions to be preserved No raiding AFL to provide both President and Secretary-Treasurer 6bebe:'MergerAgreed on series of Campaigns Much of the labor movement remained outside Railway brotherhoods UMW ILWU Teamsters (expelled for corruption)&JBJB6#III. The Landrum-Griffin ActLabor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act Product of investigations of McClellan Committee Evidence of rigged elections, misuse of funds, embezzlement and sweetheart contracts *.;(Act5Assumed public interest in democratic and proper union behavior Assumed that unions would be unable to assure such behavior themselves Purposes of the Act Protect against improper union behavior Protect against union-management arrangements denying members proper representation Plug loopholes in Taft-Hartley*ZZF+ActBill of Rights for union members Regulation of union elections Discipline of Members Regulation of Trusteeships Regulation of Financial Conflicts of Interest=* Next TimeBegin discussion of the 1960s/   $%&' , - . / >?@ABCDEHIJ0 ~|(  |^ | S  RH   8x | c $h 8  !  8 H | 0jB ? 3380___PPT10.2?0 ~(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $8  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.$0 ~`(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $L8  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.`@t0 ~p(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $H  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.`!/0 ~(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $ b8  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.`z 0 zr, (  ,X , C  RH   9r , S E9  !  9 H , 0jB ? 3380___PPT10.Kkr0S & ,ˍJُSۑJ11(8 / 0LDAriale00LLԖ-a0Ԗ@ .  @n?" dd@  @@`` h,L@     !"$%&'()*+-./012345689:;<>?@ABCDEFGIJK 0AA@ʚ;F*ʚ;g4QdQd&-a0ppp@ <4dddd))0L 0___PPT10 ___PPT9    ?  %($World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 1 Labor During the WarAdministrativeReading reminder  All the rest of the reading on this topic by the next classReviewDramatic Changes in labor and employment law in the 1920s and 1930s Dramatic split in the American Federation of Labor and the creation of the CIO Rapid organization of the mass production industries, especially cars, tires and steel and the role of sit-down strikes Employers continued resistance to rights of employees and to unionsPZPToday^Wartime Economy Labor Movement During the War Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force_" _I. Wartime EconomyExtremely full employment Typical war time inflationary forces  Why? Accordingly, for the first time in a decade, workers have jobs, money and bargaining power, but are frustrated by the absence of goods to buy !II. Labor Movement During the War""(kCompetition continues between A.F.L. and C.I.O. Both federations supported the war effort conscientiously !5III. Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force66(Desperate need for workers led to dramatic increase of women working Many African-Americans promoted to do jobs previously reserved for whites In both cases, issue of equal pay gave rise to conflict" Race Issues 1941 Randolph threatened march on Washington if the government refused to do something about discrimination Roosevelt responded with Executive Order creating the Fair Employment Practices Committee Overall, sex and race barriers in employment decreased during the war Next Time5War-time Public Policy War-time industrial conflict 56 $World War II and the Post-War Period/Lecture 2 Industrial Conflict and Public Policy Administrative2Begin reading on 1960s for Wednesday First reading&%% ReviewWartime Economy Unemployment virtually disappeared Controlled economy Labor Movement During the War AFL and CIO both strongly supported war effort War Labor Board resolved disputesL6Q6Q TodayN Industrial Conflict during the war Labor law in the war and post-war periods6!N" N%I. Industrial Conflict During the War&&(Unions and employers had agreed to avoid industrial conflict Disputes to be resolved by War Labor Board Unions thrived under the War Labor BoardConflict1941 had been a very high strike year Relatively few strikes by AFL or CIO unions during the war Exception was the United Mine Workers Conflictu1946 post-war strike wave On several occasions President Truman intervened Gradually the strike wave ebbed after 1947-II. Labor Law in the War and Post-War Periods..(mUnited Mine Workers strikes during the war caused anti-union backlash Response was Smith-Connally Act (1943) Y Smith-ConnallyEmpowered president to seize companies where disputes imperiled the war effort Criminal penalties for those who instigated or promoted strikes Taft-Hartley ActResponse to the strike wave of 1946 Largely written by the National Association of Manufacturers Passed over Truman s veto   Slave Labor Act ( Taft-HartleyOutlawed the closed shop Allowed states to prohibit the union shop Reintroduced injunctions in labor disputes in a variety of circumstances Banned secondary strikes and secondary boycotts Required unions to file anti-Communist affidavits for officers) Taft-HartleyDenied unionization rights to low level managers Authorized 80-day injunctions against strikes imperiling national safety and welfare Introduced concept of union unfair labor practices* Taft-HartleyrDid not destroy collective bargaining where it existed Did halt the momentum unions had established during the war Next TimeWThe Landrum-Griffin Act The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO0$World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 3 The Post-War Period1AdministrativeReading reminder Memphis Sanitation strike for next class Teacher unionism and Cesar Chavez for following class Quiz reminder Essay reminder6__2ReviewIssues of race and gender during the war Relative absence of strikes during the war Public Policy Issues Smith-Connally Act (1943) Taft-Hartley Act (1947) 6i2i2o%3 TodayX The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO The Landrum-Griffin Act2X" X4!I. The Communist ScarerImmediate post-war period one of rabid anti-Communism Anti-Communist campaign in Hollywood Senator Joseph McCarthy7$Anti-CommunismLabor movement emerged from World War II with Communist leadership of several major CIO unions Communists were also influential factions in a number of other major unions8%Anti-Communism'Overall, no one more Conservative than leadership of the trade union movement 1949 CIO expelled 11 unions with 20% of total CIO affiliated membership In some cases (e.g. electrical products) CIO chartered new unions to replace the expelled ones Other unions made Communists ineligible for office(Z(5"II. The MergerBy the mid-1950s, AFL affiliates had 9 million members and CIO affiliates had 6 million Reduced conflict over principles and personalities New leaders George Meany and Walter Reuther9&MergerJune 1953 negotiated  No-Raiding pact February 1955 agreed to full merger at the end of the year All existing unions to be preserved No raiding AFL to provide both President and Secretary-Treasurer 6bebe:'MergerAgreed on series of Campaigns Much of the labor movement remained outside Railway brotherhoods UMW ILWU Teamsters (expelled for corruption)&JBJB6#III. The Landrum-Griffin ActLabor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act Product of investigations of McClellan Committee Evidence of rigged elections, misuse of funds, embezzlement and sweetheart contracts *.;(Act5Assumed public interest in democratic and proper union behavior Assumed that unions would be unable to assure such behavior themselves Purposes of the Act Protect against improper union behavior Protect against union-management arrangements denying members proper representation Plug loopholes in Taft-Hartley*ZZF+ActBill of Rights for union members Regulation of union elections Discipline of Members Regulation of Trusteeships Regulation of Financial Conflicts of Interest=* Next TimeBegin discussion of the 1960s/   $%&' , - . / >?@ABCDEHIJ0 ~(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $j8  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.@0 ~(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $?@ABCDEFGIJK 0AA@ʚ;F*ʚ;g4QdQd&-a0ppp@ <4dddd))0L 0___PPT10 ___PPT9    ?  %($World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 1 Labor During the WarAdministrativeReading reminder  All the rest of the reading on this topic by the next classReviewDramatic Changes in labor and employment law in the 1920s and 1930s Dramatic split in the American Federation of Labor and the creation of the CIO Rapid organization of the mass production industries, especially cars, tires and steel and the role of sit-down strikes Employers continued resistance to rights of employees and to unionsPZPToday^Wartime Economy Labor Movement During the War Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force_" _I. Wartime EconomyExtremely full employment Typical war time inflationary forces  Why? Accordingly, for the first time in a decade, workers have jobs, money and bargaining power, but are frustrated by the absence of goods to buy !II. Labor Movement During the War""(kCompetition continues between A.F.L. and C.I.O. Both federations supported the war effort conscientiously !5III. Women and Minorities in the War-time Labor Force66(Desperate need for workers led to dramatic increase of women working Many African-Americans promoted to do jobs previously reserved for whites In both cases, issue of equal pay gave rise to conflict" Race Issues 1941 Randolph threatened march on Washington if the government refused to do something about discrimination Roosevelt responded with Executive Order creating the Fair Employment Practices Committee Overall, sex and race barriers in employment decreased during the war Next Time5War-time Public Policy War-time industrial conflict 56 $World War II and the Post-War Period/Lecture 2 Industrial Conflict and Public Policy Administrative2Begin reading on 1960s for Wednesday First reading&%% ReviewWartime Economy Unemployment virtually disappeared Controlled economy Labor Movement During the War AFL and CIO both strongly supported war effort War Labor Board resolved disputesL6Q6Q TodayN Industrial Conflict during the war Labor law in the war and post-war periods6!N" N%I. Industrial Conflict During the War&&(Unions and employers had agreed to avoid industrial conflict Disputes to be resolved by War Labor Board Unions thrived under the War Labor BoardConflict1941 had been a very high strike year Relatively few strikes by AFL or CIO unions during the war Exception was the United Mine Workers Conflictu1946 post-war strike wave On several occasions President Truman intervened Gradually the strike wave ebbed after 1947-II. Labor Law in the War and Post-War Periods..(mUnited Mine Workers strikes during the war caused anti-union backlash Response was Smith-Connally Act (1943) Y Smith-ConnallyEmpowered president to seize companies where disputes imperiled the war effort Criminal penalties for those who instigated or promoted strikes Taft-Hartley ActResponse to the strike wave of 1946 Largely written by the National Association of Manufacturers Passed over Truman s veto   Slave Labor Act ( Taft-HartleyOutlawed the closed shop Allowed states to prohibit the union shop Reintroduced injunctions in labor disputes in a variety of circumstances Banned secondary strikes and secondary boycotts Required unions to file anti-Communist affidavits for officers) Taft-HartleyDenied unionization rights to low level managers Authorized 80-day injunctions against strikes imperiling national safety and welfare Introduced concept of union unfair labor practices* Taft-HartleyrDid not destroy collective bargaining where it existed Did halt the momentum unions had established during the war Next TimeWThe Landrum-Griffin Act The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO0$World War II and the Post-War PeriodLecture 3 The Post-War Period1AdministrativeReading reminder Memphis Sanitation strike for next class Teacher unionism and Cesar Chavez for following class Quiz reminder Essay reminder6__2ReviewIssues of race and gender during the war Relative absence of strikes during the war Public Policy Issues Smith-Connally Act (1943) Taft-Hartley Act (1947) 6i2i2o%3 TodayX The post-war Anti-Communist scare The merger of the AFL and CIO The Landrum-Griffin Act2X" X4!I. The Communist ScarerImmediate post-war period one of rabid anti-Communism Anti-Communist campaign in Hollywood Senator Joseph McCarthy7$Anti-CommunismLabor movement emerged from World War II with Communist leadership of several major CIO unions Communists were also influential factions in a number of other major unions8%Anti-Communism'Overall, no one more Conservative than leadership of the trade union movement 1949 CIO expelled 11 unions with 20% of total CIO affiliated membership In some cases (e.g. electrical products) CIO chartered new unions to replace the expelled ones Other unions made Communists ineligible for office(Z(5"II. The MergerBy the mid-1950s, AFL affiliates had 9 million members and CIO affiliates had 6 million Reduced conflict over principles and personalities New leaders George Meany and Walter Reuther9&MergerJune 1953 negotiated  No-Raiding pact February 1955 agreed to full merger at the end of the year All existing unions to be preserved No raiding AFL to provide both President and Secretary-Treasurer 6bebe:'MergerAgreed on series of Campaigns Much of the labor movement remained outside Railway brotherhoods UMW ILWU Teamsters (expelled for corruption)&JBJB6#III. The Landrum-Griffin ActLabor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act Product of investigations of McClellan Committee Evidence of rigged elections, misuse of funds, embezzlement and sweetheart contracts *.;(Act5Assumed public interest in democratic and proper union behavior Assumed that unions would be unable to assure such behavior themselves Purposes of the Act Protect against improper union behavior Protect against union-management arrangements denying members proper representation Plug loopholes in Taft-Hartley*ZZF+ActBill of Rights for union members Regulation of union elections Discipline of Members Regulation of Trusteeships Regulation of Financial Conflicts of Interest=* Next TimeBegin discussion of the 1960s/   $%&' , - . / >?@ABCDEHIJ"!0 2(  ^  S  RH   8  c $`8  !  8 ( H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.9@~1$0 ~(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $8  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.;2d%0 ~(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $ 8  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.;"0 ~0 (   ^   S  RH   8x   c $l8  !  8 H   0jB ? 3380___PPT10.<&0 ~@(  ^  S  RH   8x  c $\8  !  8 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.=@'0 P,(  ^  S  RH   9  c $49  !  9 "H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.=#0 ~`(  ^  S  RH   9x  c $9  !  9 H  0jB ? 3380___PPT10.?`ww"+0 $2(  $^ $ S  RH   9 $ c $09  !  9 ( H $ 0jB ? 3380___PPT10.COr4>0IsB@ H *^J1